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BACKGROUND@#IIIa-N2 non-small cell lung cancer was significant different in survival, although N stage of lung cancer based on anatomic location of metastasis lymph node. Lymph node ratio considered of prognostic factor might be the evaluation index for IIIa-N2 non-small cell lung cancer prognosis. Therefore, the aim of the study was to evaluate the correlation between lymph node ratio and clinicopathological features and prognosis of IIIa-N2 non-small cell lung cancer prognosis.@*METHODS@#A total of 288 cases of pathological IIIa-N2 non-small cell lung cancer were enrolled who received radical resection at the Department of Thoracic Surgery II, Peking University Cancer Hospital from January 2006 to December 2016. The univariate analysis between clinicopathological variables and lymph node ratio used Pearson's chi-squared test. Cox regression was conducted to identify the independent prognosis factors for IIIa-N2 non-small cell lung cancer.@*RESULTS@#There were 139 cases in the lower lymph node ratio group, another 149 cases in the higher lymph node ratio group. Adenocarcinoma (χ²=5.924, P=0.015), highest mediastinal lymph node metastasis (χ²=46.136, P<0.001), multiple-number N2 metastasis (χ²=59.347, P<0.001), multiple-station N2 metastasis (χ²=77.387, P<0.001) and skip N2 lymph node metastasis (χ²=61.524, P<0.001) significantly impacted lymph node ratio. The total number of lymph node dissection was not correlated with the lymph node ratio (χ²=0.537, P=0.464). Cox regression analysis confirmed that adenocarcinoma (P=0.008), multiple-number N2 metastasis (P=0.025) and lymph node ratio (P=0.001) were the independent prognosis factors of disease free survival. The 5-year disease free survival was 18.1% in the higher lymph node ratio group, and 44.1% in the lower. Lymph node ratio was the independent prognosis factor of overall survival (P<0.001). The 5-year overall survival was 36.7% in the higher lymph node ratio group, and 64.1% in the lower.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Lymph node ratio was correlative with the pathology, highest mediastinal lymph node metastasis, multiple-number N2 metastasis, multiple-station N2 metastasis and skip N2 lymph node metastasis. Lymph node ratio was the independent prognosis factor for IIIa-N2 non-small cell lung cancer.
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Objective To investigate the expression of maternal embryonic leucine zipper kinase (MELK) in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and its significance. Methods The surgical resection specimens of 139 patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma who were admitted to Peking University Cancer Hospital from August 2009 to July 2013 were selected. MELK expression in esophageal squamous cell cancer tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry. The relationship between MELK expression and clinicopathological characteristics of patients was analyzed. MELK expression in 6 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cell lines (ECA109, KYSE150, KYSE30, KYSE70, KYSE180 and KYSE510) was tested by Western blot, and the cell line with high MELK expression was selected, and the expression of MELK was knocked down by lentiviral infection. The effect of MELK on tumor cell migration and invasion was examined by Transwell method, and the effect of MELK on cell proliferation was verified by CCK-8 method. Results MELK is highly expressed in 100 cases (71.9％) of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, and the positive expression rate of MELK in patients with stage T3-T4 was higher than that in patients with stage T1-T2 (χ2=4.702, P= 0.030). The poor differentiation and lymph node metastasis inclined to higher MELK positive expression rate, but the difference was not statistically significant (χ2 = 2.761, P= 0.097; χ2= 0.994, P=0.319). MELK was highly expressed in ECA109 and KYSE150 cells. The Transwell test results showed that the number of migrating cells of EEL109 and KYSE150 cells in the MELK knockdown group was decreased when compared with the negative control group [(77±10) cells vs. (126±8) cells, t=6.56, P<0.05;(37±4) cells vs. (105 ±3) cells, t= 24.27, P< 0.05], and the number of invading cells was decreased [(47 ±7) cells vs. (154±9) cells, t= 17.08, P< 0.05; (37±2) cells vs. (184±4) cells, t= 54.09, P< 0.05]. CCK-8 proliferation studies showed that the proliferation of ECA109 and KYSE150 cells in the MELK knockdown group was inhibited (both P< 0.05). Conclusions The high MELK expression in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma is associated with T stage. High expression of MELK can promote the proliferation and invasion of tumor cells in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
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Objective The mechanical model of nonlinear blood flow in large blood vessels is developed and the propagation of nonlinear pressure wave is studied.Methods Taking the effect of large deformation,nonlinear equation of motion was established in the current configuration in terms of the constitutive equations proposed by Demiray for soft biological tissues.Resuit Employing the reductive perturbation method the KdV equation is derived from the nonlinear partial equations governing the motion of coupled system.Conclusions It is shown from this study that the system may have an accurate periodic wave solution or solitary wave solution under certain conditions.